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Main Departments in a Hospital | Complete Guide for Patients

 

Complete Guide to All Hospital Departments




Hospitals have many departments, each playing a unique role in patient care. Knowing what each department does makes it easier to know where to go and whom to consult. Here’s a simple guide to all major hospital departments.

1. Emergency Department (ER)

Handles accidents, injuries, sudden illnesses, strokes, and chest pain. Works 24/7 for urgent cases.

Keywords: emergency room, trauma care, urgent care

2. Outpatient Department (OPD)

For regular checkups, consultations, and follow-ups without hospital admission.

Keywords: outpatient services, doctor consultation

3. Inpatient Department (IPD)

For patients who need to stay in the hospital for treatment, surgery, or observation.

4. General Medicine

Manages common illnesses like fever, infections, diabetes, and blood pressure.

5. General Surgery

Performs operations such as hernia repair, appendectomy, gallbladder removal, and accident-related surgeries.

6. Cardiology

Deals with heart-related issues like chest pain, heart attacks, ECG, angiogram, and angioplasty.

Keywords: heart specialist, cardiology hospital, heart treatment

7. Neurology

Cares for brain, nerves, and spinal cord problems including stroke, epilepsy, migraine, and paralysis.

8. Orthopedics

Specializes in bones and joints. Handles fractures, back pain, arthritis, and joint replacement.

9. Pediatrics

Provides medical care to infants, children, and teenagers. Includes vaccinations and growth tracking.

10. Obstetrics & Gynecology (OB-GYN)

Handles pregnancy care, delivery, fertility issues, and women’s reproductive health.

11. Dermatology

Treats skin, hair, and nail problems such as acne, infections, and allergies.

12. ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat)

Manages sinus issues, ear problems, throat infections, and tonsils.

13. Ophthalmology

Deals with eye checkups, cataract surgery, and vision correction.

14. Dental Department

Handles teeth cleaning, fillings, root canals, and oral surgeries.

15. Radiology / Imaging

Provides diagnostic tests like X-ray, MRI, CT scan, and ultrasound.

Keywords: diagnostic imaging, radiology services

16. Laboratory (Pathology)

Conducts blood tests, urine tests, and biopsy reports for accurate diagnosis.

17. Physiotherapy

Helps patients recover after injuries or surgery through exercises and rehabilitation.

18. Anesthesiology

Provides anesthesia during surgeries and offers pain management.

19. Psychiatry & Psychology

Treats mental health issues like stress, depression, and anxiety.

20. Oncology

Handles cancer diagnosis, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Keywords: cancer hospital, oncology specialist

21. Nephrology

Deals with kidney diseases, dialysis, and kidney failure management.

22. Urology

Handles kidney stones, prostate issues, and urinary system problems.

23. Gastroenterology

Treats stomach, liver, and digestive system issues including endoscopy and colonoscopy.

24. Pulmonology

Manages lung diseases like asthma, pneumonia, and TB.

25. Endocrinology

Focuses on hormone disorders like thyroid, diabetes, and PCOS.

26. Critical Care / ICU

Provides advanced care for critically ill patients who need constant monitoring.

27. Pharmacy

Dispenses medicines with proper instructions and dosage guidance.

28. Nutrition & Dietetics

Creates diet plans for patients with diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and other conditions.

29. Infection Control

Ensures safety and hygiene in the hospital by preventing infections.

30. Administration & Billing

Handles insurance, billing, appointments, and patient information.

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